2011年高考作文题为“真维斯楼”，考生们纷纷展开了对这座楼的想象和描绘。其中一篇作文描述了真维斯楼的宏伟壮丽，另一篇作文则描绘了真维斯楼的神秘与魔幻。通过这些作文，考生们展现了自己对真维斯楼的独特理解和想象力。
第一篇
2015年高考真题——物理(上海卷)Word版含答案
考生注意：
1、答卷前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
2、第一、第二和第三大题的作答必须用2B铅笔涂在答题纸上相应区域内与试卷题号对应的位置，需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。第四、第五和第六大题的作答必须用黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置(作图可用铅笔)。
3、第30、31、32、33题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分。有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
一.单项选择题(共16分，每小题2分。每小题只有一个正确选项。)
1.X射线
(A)不是电磁波 (B)具有反射和折射的特性
(C)只能在介质中传播 (D)不能发生干涉和衍射
2.如图，P为桥墩，A为靠近桥墩浮在水面的叶片，波源S连续振动，形成水波，此时叶片A静止不动。为使水波能带动叶片振动，可用的方法是
(A)提高波源频率
(B)降低波源频率
(C)增加波源距桥墩的距离
(D)减小波源距桥墩的距离
3.如图，鸟沿虚线斜向上加速飞行，空气对其作用力可能是
(A)F1 (B)F2
(C)F3 (D)F4
4.一定质量的理想气体在升温过程中
(A)分子平均势能减小 (B)每个分子速率都增大
(C)分子平均动能增大 (D)分子间作用力先增大后减小
5.铀核可以发生衰变和裂变，铀核的
(A)衰变和裂变都能自发发生
(B)衰变和裂变都不能自发发生
(C)衰变能自发发生而裂变不能自发发生
(D)衰变不能自发发生而裂变能自发发生
6.经过一系列α衰变和β衰变后变成，则比少
(A)16个中子，8个质子 (B)8个中子，l6个质子
(C)24个中子，8个质子 (D)8个中子，24个质子
7.在α粒子散射实验中，电子对α粒子运动的影响可以忽略。这是因为与α粒子相比，电子的
(A)电量太小 (B)速度太小 (C)体积太小 (D)质量太小
8.两个正、负点电荷周围电场线分布如图所示。P、Q为电场中两点，则
(A)正电荷由P静止释放能运动到Q
(B)正电荷在P的加速度小于在Q的加速度
(C)负电荷在P的电势能高于在Q的电势能
(D)负电荷从P移动到Q，其间必有一点电势能为零
二.单项选择题(共24分，每小题3分。每小题只有一个正确选项。)
9.如图，长为h的水银柱将上端封闭的玻璃管内气体分隔成两部分，A处管内外水银面相平。将玻璃管缓慢向上提升H高度(管下端未离开水银面)，上下两部分气体的压强变化分别为△p1和△p2，体积变化分别为△V1和△V2。已知水银密度为ρ，玻璃管截面积为S，则
(A)△p2一定等于△p1 (B)△V2一定等于△V1
(C)△p2与△p1之差为ρgh (D)△V2与△V1之和为HS
10.用很弱的光做单缝衍射实验，改变曝光时间，在胶片上出现的图像如图所示，该实验表明
(A)光的本质是波
(B)光的本质是粒子
(C)光的能量在胶片上分布不均匀
(D)光到达胶片上不同位置的概率相同
11.某光源发出的光由不同波长的光组成，不同波长的光的强度如图所示。表中给出了一些材料的极限波长，用该光源发出的光照射表中材料
(A)仅钠能产生光电子
(B)仅钠、铜能产生光电子
(C)仅铜、铂能产生光电子
(D)都能产生光电子
12.重离子肿瘤治疗装置中的回旋加速器可发射+5价重离子束，其束流强度为1.2×10-5A，
则在1s内发射的重离子个数为(e=1.6×10-19C)
(A)3.0×1012 (B)1.5×1013 (C)7.5×1013 (D)3.75×1014
13.监控系统控制电路如图所示，电键S闭合时，系统白天和晚上都工作;电键S断开时，系统仅晚上工作。在电路中虚框处分别接入光敏电阻(受光照时阻值减小)和定值电阻，则电路中
(A)C是“与门”，A是光敏电阻
(B)C是“与门”，B是光敏电阻
(C)C是“或门”，A是光敏电阻
(D)C是“或门”，B是光敏电阻
14.如图，一质量为m的正方体物块置于风洞内的水平面上，一面与风速垂直，当风速为v0时刚好能推动该物块。已知风对物块的推力F∝Sv2，其中v为风速、S为物块迎风面积。当风速变为2v0时，刚好能推动用同一材料做成的另一正方体物块，则该物块的质量为
(A)4m (B)8m (C)32m (D)64m
第二篇
2015年语文(天津卷)高考真题含答案
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
语文
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷两部分，共150分，考试用时150分钟。第I卷1至6页，第II卷7至11页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利!
第I卷
注意事项：
1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应上题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2.本卷共12小题，每小题3分，共36分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
一、(15分)
1.下列词语中加点字的读音，全都正确的一组是
A.寂寥(liáo) 雾霾(mái) 瞋(chēng)目 潜(qián)移默化
B.氛(fēn)围 吝啬(sè) 熹(xī)微 束(shù)之高阁
C.发酵(jiào) 徘徊(huái) 滂(pāng)沱 叱咤(chà)风云
D.模(mó)板 怯(qiè)懦 签(qiān)署 断壁颓垣(yuán)
2.下列词语中没有错别字的一组是
A.透彻 频律 攻坚战 振聋发聩
B.通谍 竞聘 节骨眼 锋芒毕露
C.精悍 杂糅 识时务 礼尚往来
D.坐标 博取 辩证法 大相径庭
3.依次填入下面语段横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是
散文能够真正地见出一位作家的个性和__________。阅读散文，我们能体会到鲁迅的________，冰心的________，梁实秋的幽默机智，丰子恺的清雅淡泊。“情”是散文的命脉和灵魂，对于散文的“情”来说，真挚_________。
A.情趣 冷峻深沉 温和娴雅 至关重要
B.情趣 冷峻深沉 冲淡平和 至关重要
C.情调 冷峭阴沉 温和娴雅 举足重要
D.情调 冷峻深沉 冲淡平和 举足重要
4.下列各句中没有语病的一句是
A.“五大道历史体验馆”项目以五大道历史为背景，以洋楼文化为主线，结合历史图片、历史资料、历史物品、历史人物，通过多媒体手段，展现当年的洋楼生活。
B.“全民阅读”活动是丰富市民文化生活，引导市民多读书、读好书，使读书成为一种体现百姓精神追求的生活方式。
C.由于自贸区致力于营造国际化、法治化、市场化的营商环境，使更多金融、物流和IT等专业人才有机会不出国门，就能拿到远超同行水平的“国际工资”。
D.一个民族的文明史实质上就是这个民族在漫长的历史长河中，经历了深重灾难，也绝不放弃文化的传承与融合，从而促进自我发展的精神升华历程。
5.下列古代诗句所蕴含的理趣与故事内容最不相符的一项是
相传，古希腊有位国王做了一顶纯金王冠，便怀疑工匠在王冠中掺假。如何临别真假又不损坏原物?国王将这个难题交给了阿基米德。阿基米德尝试过很多办法都失败了。有一天他去洗澡，踏入浴盆，水往外溢。他恍然大悟，终于找到了答案。
A.路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。
B.山重水复疑无路，攀附暗花明又一村
C.踏破铁鞋无觅处，得来全不费功夫
D.众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处。
二 阅读下面文字，完成6--8题。(9分)
自然世界是由纯粹的自然事实和事件所构成，在人的因素介入之前由盲目的自然力量所支配。在人的因素介入之后，自然世界事实上成了马克思所说的“人化的自然”，在自然界中可以随处发现人类价值实践的痕迹。但是，人类主体性实践在这里所能达到的程度和范围同样受着自然规律的制约。社会世界是在自然世界基础上所建立起来的一个世界，是由各种各样的事实、事件和价值所构成的，包括了各种各样的社会躯体、语言、规范、组织、机构、活动等。在这些要素中，是社会价值规范而不是那些社会事实和事件构成了社会世界的核心。区别各种不同类型社会事实和事件的标准不是外在可观察特征，而是贯穿于其中的活动主体的价值要求。价值要素是自然世界和社会世界的分水岭。人文世界是在社会世界基础上所建立起来的一个世界，或者说是在社会世界之中所建立起来的一个世界。这个世界是由一系列对社会价值规范及其实践的总体性反思活动及其产品、组织、制度、符号等所构成。简而言之，是由社会“价值”以及对这种价值进行总体反思和体验而形成的“意义”所构成。但是，在人文世界里，意义取代价值成为核心要素。价值及价值实践在人文世界里只不过是主体用来进行总体反思和体验的材料。人文世界究其根源而言是一个人“意义”的世界，而不是一个人的“价值世界”或人的“自然世界”，具有强烈的历史性、个体性和主观性。“人的问题”不能笼统的说成是人文世界的问题，因为“人的问题”既可能是一个有关人的事实性问题，也可能是一个有关人的价值性问题，而真正与人文世界相关的问题是人生的意义性问题。
(选自石中英著《只是转型与教育改革》，有删改)
6.下面对“自然世界”和“社会世界”的理解，符合作者观点的一项是
A.“自然世界”在没有人类介入之前由纯粹盲目的自然力量支配，当出现人类实践痕迹之后，则受人类价值规范制约，成为“人化的自然”。
B.“自然世界”是“社会世界”得以建立的基础，因此，自然规律在“社会世界”形成中发挥的作用与它在“自然世界”形成中发挥的作用相同。
C.“自然世界”自身并无价值追求可言，而在“社会世界”中，社会价值规范则是社会世界的核心。
D.“求价意志”是“社会世界”的实质，求真意志、求权意志、求爱意志并非社会世界中的人类追求。
7.下列言行属于该文所说“人文世界”范畴的一项是
A.李先生发现超市多收了他一元钱，便花十元钱打车回去理论。他说：“我就是要较这个真儿，值!”
B.朱峰同学当选学生会主席后，发表感言说：“感谢同学们给了我这个服务师生、施展才华的机会。我一定努力工作，不辜负大家的期望。
C.漂亮姐姐一心想嫁个白马王子，她说：“我就是想找个配得上我的人。”
D.魏越放弃了大城市的高薪工作，到边远山区支教多年。他说：“在这里我才实现了真正的价值。”
8.下面对文意的理解和推断，不正确的一项是
A.“价值”与“意义”分别是区分“自然世界”与“社会世界”，“社会世界”与“人文世界”的关键词。
B.“人文世界”是人在“社会世界”基础上建立起来的，具有强烈的历史性、个体性和主观性，因此“人文世界”即“人的世界”。
C.人类介入“自然世界”，构建“社会世界”和“人文世界”，是人类改造自然，实现社会价值，完善人生意义的过程。
D.“人文世界”体现出人类对人生价值的体验与反思，因此人文教育在家庭、学校、社会教育中都应占有重要地位。
三、(12分)
阅读下面的文言文，完成9—12题。
昔者楚欲攻宋，墨子闻而悼之。自鲁同“趋”而十日十夜，足重茧而不休息，裂衣裳裹足，至于郢。见楚王，曰：“臣闻大王举兵将攻宋，计必得宋而后攻之乎?亡其苦众劳民，顿兵挫锐，负天下以不义之名，而不得咫尺这地，犹且攻之乎?”王曰：“必不得宋，又且为不义，曷为攻之?”墨子曰：“臣见大王之必伤义而不得宋。”王曰：“公输，天下之巧士，作云梯之械，设以攻宋，曷为弗取?”墨子曰：“令公输设攻，臣请守之。”于是公输般设攻宋之械，墨子设守宋之备。九攻而墨子九却之，弗能入。于是乃偃兵，辍不攻宋。
《淮南子·修务训》
儒书称：“鲁般、墨子之巧，刻木为鸢 ，飞之三日而不集。”夫言其以木为 鸢 飞之，;言其三日不集，增之也。夫刻木为鸢，以象鸢形，安能飞而不集乎?既能飞翔，安能至于三日?如审有机关，一飞遂翔，不可复下，则当言遂飞，不当言三日，犹世传言曰：“鲁般巧，亡其母也。”言巧工为母作木车马、木人御者，机关备具，载母其上，一驱不还，遂失其母。如木 鸢 机关备具，与木车马等，则遂飞不集。机关为须臾间，不能远过三日，则木车等亦宜三日止于道路，无为径去以失其母，二者必失实者矣!
《论衡·儒增》
鲁般者，肃州敦煌人，莫详年代，巧侔造化。于凉州造浮图，作木鸢 ，每击楔三下，乘之以归。无何，其妻有妊，父母诘之，妻具说其故。父后伺得鸢，击楔十余下，乘之遂至吴会。吴人以为妖，遂杀之。般又为木鸢乘之，遂获父尸。怨吴人杀其父，于肃州城南作一木仙人，举手指东南，吴地大旱三年。卜曰：“般所为也。”赍物具千数谢之，般为断一手，其日吴中大雨。国初，土人尚祈祷其木仙。
注：鲁般，姓公输，名般，又作“班”，今常称其鲁班。
对下列各句加点词的解释，不正确的一项是
墨子闻而悼之 悼，哀悼
于是乃偃兵 偃，停止
如审有机关 审，确实
赍物具千数谢之 赍，赠送
下列各句中加点词的意义和用法，不相同的一组是
A.臣见大王之必伤义而不得宋
师道之不传也久矣
B.飞之三日而不集
客有吹洞箫者，倚歌而和之
C.言巧工为母作木车马
谁为大王为此计者
D.于凉州造浮图
覆杯水于坳堂之上
11.下无句子分编四组，全都能够体现鲁般技艺高超的一组是
①公输，天下之巧士，作去梯之械，设以攻宋，曷为弗取
②九攻而墨子九却之，弗能入
③刻木为鸢，飞之三日而不集
④巧工为母作木车马、木人御者，机关备具
⑤机关为须臾间，不能远过三日
⑥作木鸢曷，每击楔三下，乘之以归。
A.①②③ B。①④⑥
C.②⑤⑥ D.③④⑤
12.对上面三段文言文阅读材料的理解和分析，不正确的一项是
A《淮南子·修务训》一段中，鲁班虽然制造出攻城利器云梯，但在与墨子的攻守模拟中完败，说明人心向背是战争胜负的决定因素。
B《论衡·儒增》一段，运用“以子之矛攻子这盾”的方法，指出儒书中对鲁班的记浮夸不实之处，从一个侧面反映出《论衡》作者的务实精神。
C《酉阳杂俎·贬误》一段，对鲁班的记叙颇有神异色彩，虽然篇幅不长，但情节曲折，结构完整，语言生动。
D三段文字虽然都涉及了古代能工巧匠鲁班，但体裁有别，叙议各有侧重，文字风格不同，表达主旨各异。
四(22分)
把文言文阅读材料中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(8分)
必不得宋，又且为不义，曷为攻之?(3分)
如木鸢机关备具，与木车马等，则遂飞不集。(3分)
般为断一手，其日吴中大雨。(2分)
阅读下面这首诗，按要求作答。(9分)
雨过至城中苏家 宋 黄庭坚
飘然一雨洒青春，九陌净无车马尘。渐散紫烟笼帝阙，稍回晴日丽天津。
花飞衣袖红香湿，柳拂鞍鞯绿色匀。
管领风光唯痛饮，都城谁是得闲人。
七(60分)
阅读下面的文字，按要求作文。
近年来社会上流行一个词“范儿”，并派生出“中国范儿”“文艺范儿”“潮范儿”“有范儿”等一系列词语。“范儿”多指好的风格、做派，近似于有气质、有情调、有品位的意思。一个民族有一个民族的“范儿”，一个时代有一个时代的“范儿”，不同职业有不同职业的“范儿”，一个人也可能有一个人的“范儿”……
请根据以上材料，结合你的生活体验和思考写一篇文章。
要求：①自选角度，自拟标题;②文体不限，(诗歌除外)，文体特征鲜明;
③不少于800字;④不得抄袭，不得套作。
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
语文参考答案
一、(15分，每小题3分)
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A
二、(9分，每小题3分)
6.C 7.D 8.B
三、(12分，每小题3分)
9.A 10.B 11.B 12.A
四、(22分)
13.(8分)
(1)果真(如果确实)得不到宋国，而且做不道义的事情，为什么还要攻打它呢?
(2)如果木鸾机件、枢纽完全具备，和木车马相同，就一直飞翔不会落下来。
(3)鲁般为他们砍断(木人)一只手，那天吴中就下了大雨。
14.(9分)
(1)尘土涤净 紫烟渐散 雨过日丽 红花沾雨 柳色葱翠
(2)①对仗，如“花飞”对“柳拂”，“红香湿”对“绿色匀”。
②比拟，如“柳拂”。
③从视觉、嗅觉、触觉等多角度(运用通感)进行描写，如“衣袖红香湿”。
(3)雨后天晴访友喜悦之情;
仕途上的踌躇满志或忙中偷闲的快乐。
15.(5分)
①落霞与孤鹜齐飞
②巫山巫峡气萧森
③凌万顷之茫然
④暮霭沉沉楚天阔
⑤休说鲈鱼堪脍
⑥万类霜天竞自由
五、(20分)
16.(4分)
①比喻、拟人，排比
②节奏鲜明，韵律和谐，增强形象感
17.(6分)
①依山就势，形状各异
②四季变换，色彩纷呈，景象迥异
③山水与耗地完美交融，体同中国农人的智慧
④人与自然和谐共处，体现千年农耕文明成果。
18.(6分)
①引号有强调、突出的作用。加上引号以后梯田就不仅是一种具体事物，更是一种象征
②“移动”是现代文明的代表，“梯田”是传统文化的象征。在现代文明高速发展的今天，我们仍要传承优秀传统文化。
19.(4分)
A D
六、(12分)
20.(7分)
包含文化信息;语意准确、语言通畅。
21.(5分)
结合图像解说;理由充公;语言通畅。
七、(60分)
22.(60分)略
第三篇
2015高考真题理科综合(山东卷)
理科综合 (山东卷)
1.下列有关植物激素的应用，正确的是
A.苹果树开花后，喷施适宜浓度的脱落酸可防止果实脱落
B.用赤霉素处理马铃薯块茎，可延长其休眠时间以利于储存
C.用一定浓度乙烯利处理采摘后未成熟的香蕉，可促其成熟
D.用生长素类似物处理二倍体番茄幼苗，可得到多倍体番茄
2.关于细胞生命历程的叙述，正确的是
A.胚胎细胞中存在与细胞凋亡有关的基因
B.原癌基因与抑癌基因在正常细胞中不表达
C.真核细胞不存在无丝分裂这一细胞增殖方式
D.细胞分化过程中蛋白质种类和数量未发生改变
3.下列有关生物学实验的叙述，正确的是
A.叶绿体色素滤液细线浸入层析液，可导致滤纸条上色素带重叠
B.低温诱导大蒜根尖时间过短，可能导致难以观察到染色体加倍的细胞
C.用显微镜观察洋葱根尖装片时，需保持细胞活性以便观察有丝分裂过程
D.将洋葱表皮放入0.3g/mL蔗糖溶液中，水分交换平衡后制成装片观察质壁分离过程
4.下列有关细胞内物质含量比值的关系，正确的是
A.细胞内结合水/自由水的比值，种子萌发时比休眠时高
B.人体细胞内O2/CO2的比值，线粒体内比细胞质基质高
C.神经纤维膜内K+/Na+的比值，动作电位时比静息电位时高
D.适宜条件下光合作用过程中C5/C3的比值，停止供应CO2后比停止前高
5.人体某遗传病受X染色体上的两对等位基因(A、a和B、b)控制，且只有A、B基因同时存在时个体才不患病。不考虑基因突变和染色体变异，根据系谱图，下列分析错误的是
A.I-1的基因型为XaBXab或XaBXaB
B.II-3的基因型一定为XAbXaB
C.IV-1的致病基因一定来自于I-1
D.若II-1的基因型为XABXaB,与II-2生一个患病女孩的概率为1/4
第四篇
秋，这个熟悉又充满诗意的季节，收获的季节同时对于不同职业的人们来讲却意义不同。有人曾说宰相肚子里能撑船，我想这句话并不是说那么简单，多数人认为是说这个人有度量，能宽松别人，可是真的是这样吗?我认为是他真正的看到了自己的标准。
想必每个人都有自己的第一次，是，那是多么的自豪，一直被光环所为绕，可是什么都改变了，你的到的不是真正的自己，一切都已改变。你前进会有无数的掌声，以及父母的疼爱和吻。可是人有过常在河边走哪有不湿鞋，那么多的诱惑在身边。身体的原因和种种过错，那么你稍微的摆动，结果可想而知无数的流言蜚语向你扑面而来如同春天绽放的花朵的芬芳，挡不住，然而压力的过大，确实会让你崩溃。
家是人们精神的慰藉和停泊的港湾，然而时代的不同更多的家长要孩子攀比，比学习比孩子得的奖，然而你们真的能明白，这种填鸭式的教育孩子们真的能收获多少，这是教育育人。不是看分数而评论孩子的努力，尽自己的全力那就是成功，让孩子心里有负担有压力，并不代表会成功，反之确会加剧他们的心里情况。这些你们真的想到了吗?
叔叔阿姨们?孩子们的未来是他们自己来决定的，你们只是他们的引路人，但不要把自己的过错没完成的愿望让孩子们去做，他们有自己的人生有自己的未来，我们所能做的就是给予他们关怀和帮助。并不是责备和敷衍，是用心去给他们爱，让他们去收获，真正的自己。真正的人生。
第五篇
2015年高考真题——文科综合(新课标Ⅰ卷)Word版含答案
注意事项：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答题前，考生务必在将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在试卷上无效。
3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案卸载答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
本卷共35小题。每小题4分，共140分。在每个小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
雨水花园是一种模仿自然界雨水汇集、渗漏而建设的浅凹绿地，主要用于汇聚并吸收来自屋顶或地面的雨水，并通过植物及各填充层的综合作用使渗漏的雨水得到净化。净化后的雨水不仅可以补给地下水，也可以作为城市景观用水、厕所用水等。图1示意雨水花园结构。据此完成1-3题。
1.铺设树皮覆盖层的主要目的是：
A.为植物提供养分 B.控制雨水渗漏速度 C.吸附雨水污染物 D.保持土壤水分
2. 对下渗雨水净化起主要作用的填充层是
A. 树皮覆盖层和种植土层 B. 种植土层和砂层
C. 砂层和砾石层 D. 树皮覆盖层和砾石层
3. 雨水花园的核心功能是
A. 提供园林观赏景观 B. 保护生物多样性
C. 控制雨洪和利用雨水 D. 调节局地小气候
甘德国际机场(图2)曾是世界上最繁忙的航空枢纽之一，当时几乎所有横跨北大西洋的航班都要经停该机场补充燃料.如今，横跨北大西洋的航班不再需要经停此地.据此完成4～6题.
4. 导致甘德国际机场成为世界上最繁忙机场的主要因素是
A. 位置 B. 经济
C. 地形 D. 人口
5. 甘德国际机场失去国际航空枢纽地位的主要原因是
A. 地区经济发展缓慢 B. 横跨北大西洋航班减少
C. 飞机飞行成本降低 D. 飞机制造技术进步
6. 一架从甘德机场起飞的飞机以650千米/小时的速度飞行，1小时候后该飞机的纬度位置可能为
A. 66.5°N B. 60°N
C. 53°N D. 40°N
海冰含盐量接近淡水，适当处理后可作为淡水资源。图3示意渤海及附近区域年平均气温≤-4℃日数的分布。据此完成7-9题。
7.图示甲、乙、丙、丁四海域中，海冰浓度最大的是( )
A、甲 B、乙 C、丙 D、丁
8、下列城市附近海域，单位面积海冰资源最丰富的是( )
A、葫芦岛 B、秦皇岛 C、大连 D、烟台
9、推测目前没有大规模开采渤海海冰的原因是( )
A、资源量不足 B、破坏环境 C、成本过高 D、市场需求不足
第六篇
2017年全国卷1高考英语试题完整版
注意事项：
1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。
2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.
答案是 C。
1.What does the woman think of the movie?
A.It’s amusing B.It’s exciting C.It’s disappointing
2.How will Susan spend most of her time in France?
A. Traveling around B.Studying at a school C.Looking after her aunt
3.What are the speakers talking about?
A. Going out B.Ordering drinks C.Preparing for a party
4.Where are the speakers?
A.In a classroom B.In a library C.In a bookstore
5.What is the man going to do ?
A.Go on the Internet B.Make a phone call C.Take a train trip
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman looking for?
A. An information office B.A police station C.A shoe repair shop
7. What is the Town Guide according to the man?
A. A brochure B.A newspaper C.A map
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What does the man say about the restaurant?
A.It’s the biggest one around.
B.It offers many tasty dishes.
C. It’s famous for its seafood.
9.What will the woman probably order?
A.Fried fish. B.Roast chicken. C.Beef steak.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Where will Mr. White be at 11 o’clock?
A.At the office. B.At the airport. C.At the restaurant.
11.What will Mr. White probably do at one in the afternoon?
A.Receive a guest. B.Have a meeting. C.Read a report.
12.When will Miss Wilson see Mr. White?
A.At lunch time B.Late in the afternoon. C.The next morning.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Why is Bill going to Germany?
A.To work on a project. B.To study German. C.To start a new company.
14.What did the woman dislike about Germany?
A.The weather. B.The food. C. The schools.
15. What does Bill hope to do about his family?
A.Bring them to Germany.
B.leave them in England.
C.Visit them in a few months.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speaker?
A. fellow-travelers
B.Colleagues.
C.Classmates.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.When did it rain last time in Juarez?
A.Three days ago.
B.A month ago.
C.A year ago.
18. What season is it in Juarez?
A.Sping.
B.Summer
C.Autumn
19.What are the elderly advised to do?
A.Take a walk in the afternoon.
B.Keep their homes cool.
C.Drink plenty of water.
20.What is the speaker doing?
A.Hosting a radio program.
B.Conducting a seminar.
C.Forecasting the weather.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store
Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.
◆Hungry
Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonals. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.
◆Rental Information
Lockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
◆Support Pacific Science Center
Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong @ in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry based science education to classrooms and company events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we connect science without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish pacificorganzier.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.
21.Where are you buy a at Scicnce Center?
A.In Building 1.
B. In Building 3.
C.At the last Denny.
D.At the Denny Way entrance.
22.What does Pucific Scicnce Center do for schools?
A.Traitn Scicnce teachers.
B.Disncie scicnce books.
C. Disncie scicnctific research.
D.Take scicnce to the classroom.
23.What is the peapose of the last part of the text?
A.To coccerage dcetions.
B.To advertise coming events.
C.To introbace spocial exhibits.
B
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already zxxk.been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure,but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH!The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
24.What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according ro paragraph 1?
A.Efforts made in vain.
B.Getting injured in his work.
C.Feeling uncertain about his future.
D.Creatures forced out of their homes.
25.Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A.To rescue a woman.
B.To take care of a woman.
C.To look at a baby owl.
D.To cure a young owl.
26.What made the chick calm down?
A.A new nest.
B.Some food.
C.A recording.
D.Its parents.
27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A.It’s unexpected.
B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humorous.
D. It’s discouraging.
C
Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that mu generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “So I want to continue those dialogue. Those are the things I want to foster.”
28.Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A.To remember the birth of jazz.
B.To protect cultural diversity.
C.To encourage people to study music.
D.To recognize the value of jazz.
29.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Jazz becoming more accessible.
B.The production of jazz growing faster.
C.Jazz being less popular with the young.
D.The jazz audience becoming larger.
30.What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?
A.It will disappear gradually.
B.It remains black and white.
C.It should keep up with the times.
D.It changes every 50 years.
31.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Exploring the Future of jazz.
B.The Rise and Fall of jazz.
C.The Story of a jazz Musician.
D.Celebrating the Jazz Day.
D
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.
32.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?
A.It’s delicate. B.It’s expensive.
C.It’s complex. D.It’s portable
33.What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The tube B.The still
C.The hole D.The cup
34.What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?
A.Dig a hole of a certain size B.Put the cup in place
C.Weight the sheet’s center down D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet
35.When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .
A.the plastic tube B.outside the hole
C.the open air D.beneath the sheet
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入&网空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 .
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.
38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A.This time there was no tent.
B.Things are going to be improved.
C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better:I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).
I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before.My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.The 44 language were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.
The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more.
After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.
41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal
42. A. progressB. experience C. majorD. opinion
43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create
44. A. official B. foreignC. body D. spoken
45. A. loveB. concern C. goalD. request
46. A. meeting B. tripC. story D. task
47. A. recordedB. performed C. recited D. discussed
48. A. ideaB. amountC. dreamD. reason
49. A. disturbedB. supported C. embarrassedD. attracted
50. A. endB. pastC. courseD. distance
51. A. showingB. acting C. saying D. wanting
52. A. exercise B. exploreC. expressD. explain
53. A. printB. write C. signD. count
54. A. slowB. steadyC. normalD. obvious
55. A. chairB. sponsorC. attendD. organize
56. A. missed B. passed C. gave upD. registered for
57. A. prohibitedB. welcomedC. ignoredD. repeated
58.A.LastlyB.Thus C.Instead D.However
59.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected
60.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：
(1)时间和地点;
(2)内容：学习唐诗;
(3)课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第七篇
2015高考真题——理科综合部分(新课标Ⅱ卷)
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共40题，共300分，共16页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔记清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。。
4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 F 19 Na 23 Al 27 P 31 S 32 Cl 35.5 Ca 40 Fe 56 Zn 65 Br 80
第I卷
一、 选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的
1、将三组生理状态相同的某种植物幼根分别培养在含有相同培养液的密闭培养瓶中，一段时间后，测定根吸收某一矿质元素离子的量。培养条件及实验结果见下表：
培养瓶中气体温度(°C)离子相对吸收量(%)空气17100氮气1710空气328
下列分析正确的是
A. 有氧条件有利于该植物幼根对该离子的吸收
B. 该植物幼根对该离子的吸收与温度的变化无关
C. 氮气环境中该植物幼根细胞吸收该离子不消耗ATP
D. 与空气相比，氮气环境有利于该植物幼根对该离子的吸收
2、端粒酶由RNA和蛋白质组成，该酶能结合到端粒上，以自身的RNA为模板合成端粒子DNA的一条链。下列叙述正确的是
A.大肠杆菌拟核的DNA中含有端粒
B.端粒酶中的蛋白质为RNA聚合酶
C.正常人细胞的每条染色体两端都含有端粒DNA
D.正常体细胞的端粒DNA随细胞分裂次数增加而变长
第八篇
2015高考真题语文(山东卷)选择题
一、(每小题3分，共15分)
阅读小面一段文字，完成1~3题。
浙江云和梯田，虽然不及云南元阳梯田、广西龙胜梯田那般规模(洪大/宏大)，气势雄伟，但却玲珑纤巧，别有特色。群山逶迤,阳光扑面而来，俯瞰山中梯田，好似面对着一座宽大的露天体育馆。无论冬夏，太阳每天都(沿/攀)着湿淋淋(银闪闪/亮堂堂)、绿油油或金灿灿的梯子，从山间的水田里爬出来，正是清明时节，梯田已开始灌水，咕嘟咕嘟的流水声犹如______。每块田池的边缘都留有缺口，一畦注满，便自动流入下一层里。_____，一畦畦平展展，好似神灵于半夜在山上放置的无数面镜子。天亮之后，整个山谷成了镜子创意博览会------弧形椭圆形拱形牛角形簸箕形………无数面镜子顺着山坡层层叠叠地铺展开去。
1.中文加点的词语，有错别字的一项是
A.玲珑群山逶迤 B.俯瞰 金灿灿
C.边缘层层叠叠 D.椭圆 博览会
2.依次选用文中括号里的词语，最恰当的一项是
A.宏大 沿 亮堂堂 B.宏大 攀 银闪闪
C.洪大 沿 银闪闪 D.洪大 攀 亮堂堂
3.在文中两处横线上依次填入语句，衔接最恰当的一项是
A.节奏均匀的弹拨乐 在梯田里蓄满水 B.弹拨乐的均匀节奏 蓄满水的梯田
C.弹拨乐的均匀节奏 在梯田里蓄满水 D.节奏均匀的弹拨乐 蓄满水的梯田
4.下列各句中，加点的成语使用正确的一项是
A.新闻发布会上，他讲话仅用了八分钟，简介明了，新闻性、针对性强，没有一句穿靴戴帽的空话套话。
B.联合国大会曾经两次召开会议，讨论是否应该废除死刑的问题，但因各方立场南辕北辙，讨论无果而终。
C.本届展销会邀请到了安徽、浙江、上海等地知名企业，湖笔、宣笔、徽墨、宣纸、歙砚等文房四宝济济一堂。
D.写一篇小说并不太难，但要想让自己的作品在擢发难数的小说中引起读者广泛关注，就不那么容易了。
5.下列各句中，没有语病、句意明确的一项是
A.除了驾驶员要有熟练的驾驶技术、丰富的驾驶技术外，汽车本身的状况，也是保证行车安全的重要条件之一。
B.帮助家境不好的孩子上大学，是我们应该做的，况且这孩子各方面都很优秀，我们一定要帮助她圆大学梦。
C.说到人才培养，人们往往想到要学好各门课程的基础理论，而对与这些理论密切相关的逻辑思维训练却常常被忽视。
D.这部影片讲述了一个身患重病的工人的女儿自强不息、与命运抗争的故事，对青少年观众很有教育意义。
第九篇
2017年全国卷1高考理综试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 S 32 Cl35.5 K39 Ti 48 Fe 56 I 127
一、选择题：本题共13个小题，每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1. 细胞间信息交流的方式有多种。在哺乳动物卵巢细胞分泌的雌激素作用于乳腺细胞的过程中，以及精子进入卵细胞的过程中，细胞间信息交流的实现分别依赖于
A. 血液运输，突触传递 B. 淋巴运输，突触传递
C. 淋巴运输，胞间连丝传递 D. 血液运输，细胞间直接接触
2. 下列关于细胞结构与成分的叙述，错误的是
A. 细胞膜的完整性可用台盼蓝染色色法进行检测
B. 检测氨基酸的含量可用双缩脲试剂进行显色
C. 若要观察处于细胞分裂中期的染色体可用醋酸洋红液染色
D. 斐林试剂是含有Cu2+的碱性溶液，可被葡萄糖还原成砖红色
3. 通常，叶片中叶绿素含量下降可作为其衰老的检测指标。为研究激素对叶片衰老的影响，将某植物离体叶片分组，并分别置于蒸馏水、细胞分裂素(CTK)、脱落酸(ABA)、CTK+ABA溶液中，再将各组置于光下。一段时间内叶片中叶绿素含量变化趋势如图所示，据图判断，下列叙述错误的是
A. 细胞分裂素能延缓该植物离体叶片的衰老
B. 本实验中CTK对该植物离体叶片的作用可被ABA削弱
C. 可推测ABA组叶绿体中NADPH合成速率大于CTK组
D. 可推测施用ABA能加速秋天银杏树的叶由绿变黄的过程
4.某同学将一定量的某种动物的提取液(A)注射到实验小鼠体内，注射后若干天，未见小鼠出现明显的异常表现。将小鼠分成两组，一组注射少量的A，小鼠很快发生了呼吸困难等症状;另一组注射生理盐水，未见小鼠有异常表现。对实验小鼠在第一次注射A后的表现，下列解释合理的是
A.提取液中含有胰岛素，导致小鼠血糖浓度降低
B.提取液中含有乙酰胆碱，使小鼠骨骼肌活动减弱
C.提取液中含有过敏原，引起小鼠发生了过敏反应
D.提取液中含有呼吸抑制剂，可快速作用于小鼠呼吸系统
5.假设某草原上散养的某种家畜种群呈S型增长，该种群的增长率随种群数量的变化趋势如图所示。若要持续尽可能多地收获该种家禽，则应在种群数量合适时开始捕获，下列四个种群数量中合适的是
A.甲点对应的种群数量
B.乙点对应的种群数量
C.丙点对应的种群数量
D.丁点对应的种群数量
6.果蝇的红眼基因(R)对白眼基因(r)为显性，位于X染色体上;长翅基因(B)对残翅基因(b)为显性，位于常染色体上。现有一只红眼长翅果蝇与一只白眼长翅果蝇交配，F1雄蝇中有1/8为白眼残翅，下列叙述错误的是
A.亲本雌蝇的基因型是BbXRXr
B.F1中出现长翅雄蝇的概率为3/16
C.雌、雄亲本产生含Xr配子的比例相同
D.白眼残翅雌蝇可形成基因型为bXr的极体。
7.下列生活用品中主要由合成纤维制造的是
A.尼龙绳 B.宣纸 C.羊绒衫 D.棉衬衣
8.《本草衍义》中对精制砒霜过程有如下叙述：“取砒之法，将生砒就置火上，以器覆之，令砒烟上飞着覆器，遂凝结累然下垂如乳，尖长者为胜，平短者次之。”文中涉及的操作方法是
A.蒸馏 B.升华 C.干馏D.萃取
(p)的分子式均为C6H6，下列说法正确的是
A.b的同分异构体只有d和p两种
B.b、d、p的二氯代物均只有三种
C.b、d、p均可与酸性高锰酸钾溶液反应
D.b、d、p中只有b的所有原子处于同一平面
10.实验室用H2还原WO3制备金属W的装置如图所示(Zn粒中往往含有碳等杂质，焦性没食子酸溶液用于吸收少量氧气)，下列说法正确的是
A.①、②、③中依次盛庄装KMNO4溶液、浓H2SO4、焦性没食子酸溶液
B.管式炉加热前，用试管在④处收集气体并点燃，通过声音判断气体浓度
C.结束反应时，先关闭活塞K，再停止加热
D.装置Q(启普发生器)也可用于二氧化锰与浓盐酸反应制备氧气
11.支持海港码头基础的防腐技术，常用外加电流的阴极保护法进行防腐，工作原理如图所示，其中高硅铸铁为惰性辅助阳极。下列有关表述不正确的是
A.通入保护电流使钢管桩表面腐蚀电流接近于零
B.通电后外电路电子被强制从高硅铸铁流向钢管桩
C.高硅铸铁的作用是作为损耗阳极材料和传递电流
D.通入的保护电流应该根据环境条件变化进行调整
12.短周期主族元素W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大，W的简单氢化物可用作制冷剂，Y的原子半径是所有短周期主族元素中最大的。由X、Y和Z三种元素形成的一种盐溶于水后，加入稀盐酸，有黄色沉淀析出，同时有刺激性气体产生。下列说法不正确的是
A.X的简单氢化物的热稳定性比W强
B.Y的简单离子与X的具有相同的电子层结构
C.Y与Z形成的化合物的水溶液可使蓝色石蕊试纸变红
D.Z与X属于同一主族，与Y属于同一周期
13.常温下将NaOH溶液添加到己二酸(H2X)溶液中，混合溶液的pH与离子浓度变化的关系如图所示。下列叙述错误的是
A.KSP(H2X)的数量级为10-6
二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求，第19~21题有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。
14.将质量为1.00Kg的模型火箭点火升空，50g燃烧的燃气以大小为600m/s的速度从火箭喷口在很短时间内喷出。在燃气喷出后的瞬间，火箭的动量大小为(喷出过程中重力和空气阻力可忽略)
15.发球机从同一高度向正前方依次水平射出两个速度不同的乒乓球(忽略空气的影响)。速度较大的球越过球网，速度度较小的球没有越过球网;其原因是
A. 速度度较小的球下降相同距离所用的时间较多
B. 速度度较小的球在下降相同距离时在竖直方向上的速度较大
C. 速度度较大的球通过同一水平距离所用的时间较少
D. 速度度较大的球在下降相同时间间隔内下降的距离较大
16.如图，空间某区域存在匀强电场和匀强磁场，电场方向竖直向上(与纸面平行)，磁场方向垂直于纸面向量，三个带正电的微粒a，b，c电荷量相等，质量分别为ma，mb，mc，已知在该区域内，a在纸面内做匀速圆周运动，b在纸面内做匀速直线运动，c在纸面内向左做匀速直线运动。下列选项正确的是
D.
17.大科学工程“人造太阳”主要是将氚核聚变反应释放的能量用来发电，氚核聚变反应方程是，已知的质量为2.0136u，的质量为3.0150u，的质量为1.0087u，1u=931MeV/c2。氚核聚变反应中释放的核能约为
A.3.7MeV B. 3.3MeV C. 2.7MeV D. 0.93MeV
18.扫描对到显微镜(STM)可用来探测样品表面原子尺寸上的形貌，为了有效隔离外界震动对STM的扰动，在圆底盘周边沿其径向对称地安装若干对紫铜薄板，并施加磁场来快速衰减其微小震动，如图所示，无扰动时，按下列四种方案对紫铜薄板施加恒磁场;出现扰动后，对于紫铜薄板上下及其左右震动的衰减最有效的方案是
19.如图，三根相互平行的固定长直导线、和两两等距，均通有电流，中电流方向与中的相同，与中的相反，下列说法正确的是
A.所受磁场作用力的方向与、所在平面垂直
B.所受磁场作用力的方向与、所在平面垂直
C.、和单位长度所受的磁场作用力大小之比为
D.、和单位长度所受的磁场作用力大小之比为
20.在一静止点电荷的电场中，任一点的电势与该点到点电荷的距离r的关系如图所示。电场中四个点a、b、c和d的电场强度大小分别Ea、Eb和Ec。点a到点电荷的距离ra与点a的电势a已在图中用坐标(ra，a)标出，其余类推。现将一带正点的试探电荷由a点依学#科网次经b、c点移动到d点，在相邻两点见移动的过程中，电场力所做的功分贝为Wab、Wbc和Wcd。下列秀暗箱正确的是
A.Ea：Eb=4:1
B.Ec：Ed=2:1
C.Wab:Wbc=3:1
D.Wbc:Wcd=1:3
21.如图柔软轻绳ON的一端O固定，其中间某点M拴一重物，用手拉住绳的另一端N，初始时，OM竖直且MN被拉直，OM与MN之间的夹角()。现将重物向右上方缓慢拉起，并保持夹角不变，在OM由竖直被拉到水平的过程中
A.MN上的张力逐渐增大
B.MN上的张力先增大后减小
C.OM上的张力逐渐增大
D.OM上的张力先增大后减小
三、非选择题：本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。第22~32题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答。第33~38题为选考题，考生根据要求作答。
(一)必考题(共129分)
22.(5分)
某探究小组为了研究小车在桌面上的直线运动，用自制“滴水计时器”计量时间。实验前，将该计时器固定在小车旁，如图(a)所示。保持桌面水平，用手轻推一下小车。在小车运动过程中，滴水计时器等时间间隔地滴下小水滴，如(b)记录了桌面上连续6个水滴的位置。(已知滴水计时器每30 s内共滴下46个小水滴)
(1)由图(b)可知，小车在桌面上是____________(填“从右向左”或“从左向右”)运动的。
(2)该小组同学根据图(b)的数据判断出小车做匀变速运动。小车运动到图(b)中A点位置时的速度大小为___________m/s，加速度大小为____________m/s2。(结果均保留2为有效数字)
23.(10分)
某同学研究小灯泡的伏安特性，所使用的器材有：小灯泡L(额定电压3.8 V，额定电流0.32 A);电压表(量程3 V，内阻3 kΩ);电流表(量程0.5 A，内阻0.5 Ω);固定电阻R0(阻值1 000 Ω);滑动变阻器R(阻值0~9.0 Ω);电源E(电动势5 V，内阻不计);开关S;导线若干。
(1)实验要求能够实现在0~3.8 V的范围内对小灯泡的电压进行测量，画出实验电路原理图。
(2)实验测得该小灯泡伏安特性曲线如图(a)所示。
由实验曲线可知，随着电流的增加小灯泡的电阻_________(填“增大”“不变”或“减小”)，灯丝的电阻率__________(填“增大”“不变”或“减小”)。
(3)用另一电源E0(电动势4 V，内阻1.00 Ω)和题给器材连接成图(b)所示的电路图，调节滑动变阻器R的阻值，可以改变小灯泡的实际功率。闭合开关S，在R的变化范围内，小灯泡的最小功率为____________W，最大功率为___________W。(结果均保留2位小数)
24.(12分)
一质量为8.00×104 kg的太空飞船从其飞行轨道返回地面。飞船在离地面高度1.60×105 m处以7.5×103 m/s的速度进入大气层，逐渐减慢至速度为100 m/s时下落到地面。取地面为重力势能零点，在飞船下落过程中，重力加速度可视为常量，大小取为9.8 m/s2。(结果保留2位有效数字)
(1)分别求出该飞船着地前瞬间的机械能和它进入大气层时的机械能;
(2)求飞船从离地面高度600 m处至着地前瞬间的过程中克服阻力所做的功，已知飞船在该处的速度大小是其进入大气层时速度大小的2.0%。
25.(20分)
真空中存在电场强度大小为E1的匀强电场，一带电油滴在该电场中竖直向上做匀速直线运动，速度大小为v0，在油滴处于位置A时，将电场强度的大小突然增大到某值，但保持其方向不变。持续一段时间t1后，又突然将电场反向，但保持其大小不学&科@网变;再持续同样一段时间后，油滴运动到B点。重力加速度大小为g。
(1)油滴运动到B点时的速度;
(2)求增大后的电场强度的大小;为保证后来的电场强度比原来的大，试给出相应的t1和v0应满足的条件。已知不存在电场时，油滴以初速度v0做竖直上抛运动的最大高度恰好等于B、A两点间距离的两倍。
26.(15分)
凯氏定氨法是测定蛋白质中氮含量的经典方法，其原理是用浓硫酸在催化剂存在下将样品中有机氮转化成铵盐，利用如图所示装置处理铵盐，然后通过滴定测量。已知：NH3+H3BO3=NH3·H3BO3;NH3·H3BO3+HCl= NH4Cl+ H3BO3。
回答下列问题：
(1)a的作用是_______________。
(2)b中放入少量碎瓷片的目的是____________。f的名称是__________________。
(3)清洗仪器：g中加蒸馏水：打开k1，关闭k2、k3，加热b，蒸气充满管路：停止加热，关闭k1，g中蒸馏水倒吸进入c，原因是____________;打开k2放掉水，重复操作2~3次。
(4)仪器清洗后，g中加入硼酸(H3BO3)和指示剂，铵盐试样由d注入e，随后注入氢氧化钠溶液，用蒸馏水冲洗d，关闭k1，d中保留少量水，打开k1，加热b，使水蒸气进入e。
①d中保留少量水的目的是___________________。
②e中主要反应的离子方程式为________________，e采用中空双层玻璃瓶的作用是________。
(5)取某甘氨酸(C2H3NO2)样品m 克进行测定，滴定g中吸收液时消耗浓度为______mol·L-1的盐酸V mL，则样品中氮的质量分数为_________%，样品的纯度≤_______%。
27.(14分)
Li4Ti3O12和LiFePO4都是锂离子电池的电极材料，可利用钛铁矿(主要成分为Fe TiO3，还含有少量MgO、SiO2等杂质)来制备，工艺流程如下：
回答下列问题：
(1)“酸浸”实验中，铁的浸出率结果如下图所示。由图可知，当铁的净出率为70%时，所采用的实验条件为___________________。
(3)TiO2·xH2O沉淀与双氧水、氨水反应40 min所得实验结果如下表所示：
分析40 ℃时TiO2·xH2O转化率最高的原因__________________。
(4)Li2Ti5O15中Ti的化合价为+4，其中过氧键的数目为__________________。
(5)若“滤液②”中，加入双氧水和磷酸(设溶液体积增加1倍)，使恰好沉淀完全即溶液中，此时是否有沉淀生成? (列式计算)。的分别为(6)写出“高温煅烧②”中由制备的化学方程式 。
28.(14分)
近期发现，H2S是继NO、CO之后第三个生命体系气体信号分子，它具有参与调解神经信号传递、舒张血管减轻高血压的功能。回答下列问题：
(1)下列事实中，不能比较氢硫酸与亚硫酸的酸性强弱的是_________(填标号)。
A.氢硫酸不能与碳酸氢钠溶液反应，而亚硫酸可以
B.氢硫酸的导电能力低于相同浓度的亚硫酸
C.0.10 mol·L−1的氢硫酸和亚硫酸的pH分别为4.5和2.1
D.氢硫酸的还原性强于亚硫酸
(2)下图是通过热化学循环在较低温度下由水或硫化氢分解制备氢气的反应系统原理。
通过计算，可知系统(Ⅰ)和系统(Ⅱ)制氢的热化学方程式分别为________________、______________，制得等量H2所需能量较少的是_____________。
②在620 K重复试验，平衡后水的物质的量分数为0.03，H2S的转化率_____，该反应的H_____0。(填“>”“
第十篇
2015年高考真题——理科综合(新课标I卷)
1.下列叙述，错误的是 ( )
A.DNA和ATP中所含元素的种类相同
B.一个tRNA分子中只有一个反密码子
C.T2噬菌体的核酸由脱氧核苷酸组成
D.控制细菌性状的基因位于拟核和线粒体DNA上
2.下列关于生长素的叙述，错误的是 ( )
A.植物幼嫩叶片中色氨酸可转变成生长素
B.成熟茎韧皮部中的生长素可以进行非极性运输
C.幼嫩细胞和成熟细胞对生长素的敏感程度相同
D.豌豆幼苗切段中乙烯的合成受生长素浓度的影响
3.某同学给健康实验兔静脉滴注0.9%NaCl溶液(生理盐水)20mL后，会出现的现象是
A.输入的溶液会从血浆进入组织液
B.细胞内液和细胞外液分别增加10mL
C.细胞内液Na+的增加远大于细胞外液Na+的增加
D.输入的Na+中50%进入细胞内液，50%分布在细胞外液
4.下列关于出生眼体重草本阶段和灌木阶段的叙述，错误的是( )
A.草本阶段与灌木阶段群落的丰富度相同
B.草本阶段与灌木阶段的群落空间结构复杂
C.草本阶段与灌木阶段的群落自我调节能力强
D.草本阶段为灌木阶段的群落形成创造了适宜环境
5.人或动物PrP基因编码一种蛋白(PrPc),该蛋白无致病性。PrPc的空间结构改变后成为PrPsc(阮粒)，就具有了致病性。PrPsc可以有到更多的PrPc转变为PrPsc，实现阮粒的增殖，可以引起疯牛病。据此判断，下列叙述正确的是 ( )
A.阮粒侵入机体后可整合到宿主的基因组中
B.阮粒的增殖方式与肺炎双球菌的增殖方式相同
C.蛋白质空间结构的改变可以使其功能发生变化
第十一篇
2015高考真题化学(上海卷)选择题含答案
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)
化学试卷
相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Cl-35.5 Ca-40
一、选择题(本题共10分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项)
1.中国科学技术名词审定委员会已确定第116号元素Lv的名称为鉝。关于的叙述错误的是( )
A.原子序数116 B.中子数177
C.核外电子数116 D.相对原子质量293
2.下列物质见光不会分解的是( )
A.HClO B.NH4Cl C.HNO3 D.AgNO3
3.某晶体中含有极性键，关于该晶体的说法错误的是( )
A.不可能有很高的熔沸点 B.不可能是单质
C.可能是有机物 D.可能是离子晶体
4.不能作为判断硫、氯两种元素非金属性强弱的依据是( )
A.单质氧化性的强弱 B.单质沸点的高低
C.单质与氢气化合的难易 D.最高价氧化物对应的水化物酸性的强弱
5.二氧化硫能使溴水褪色，说明二氧化硫具有( )
A.还原性 B.氧化性 C.漂白性 D.酸性
二、选择题(本题共36分，每小题3分，每题只有一个正确选项)
6.将Na、Na2O、NaOH、Na2S、Na2SO4分别加热熔化，需要克服相同类型作用力的物质有( )
A.2种 B.3种 C.4种 D.5种
7.检验用硫酸亚铁制得的硫酸铁中是否含有硫酸亚铁，可选用的试剂是( )
A.NaOH B.KMnO4 C.KSCN D.苯酚
8.已知H2O2在催化剂作用下分解速率加快，其能量随反应进程的变化如下图所示。下列说法正确的是( )
A.加入催化剂，减小了反应的热效应
B.加入催化剂，可提高H2O2的平衡转化率
C.H2O2分解的热化学方程式：H2O2 → H2O + O2 + Q
D.反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量
9.已知咖啡酸的结构如右图所示。关于咖啡酸的描述正确的是( )
A.分子式为C9H5O4
B.1mol咖啡酸最多可与5mol氢气发生加成反应
C.与溴水既能发生取代反应，又能发生加成反应
D.能与Na2CO3溶液反应，但不能与NaHCO3溶液反应
10.卤代烃的制备有多种方法，下列卤代烃不适合由相应的烃经卤代反应制得的是( )A. B. C. D.
11.下列有关物质性质的比较，错误的是( )
A.溶解度：小苏打 水
C.硬度：晶体硅 苯
12.与氢硫酸反应有沉淀生成的电解质是( )
A.硫酸铜 B.氢氧化钠 C.硫酸亚铁 D.二氧化硫
13.实验室回收废水中苯酚的过程如右图所示。下列分析错误的是( )
A.操作I中苯作萃取剂
B.苯酚钠在苯中的溶解度比在水中的大
C.通过操作II苯可循环使用
D.三步操作均需要分液漏斗
14.研究电化学腐蚀及防护的装置如右图所示。下列有关说法错误的是( )
A.d为石墨，铁片腐蚀加快
B.d为石墨，石墨上电极反应为：O2 + 2H2O + 4e → 4OH–
C.d为锌块，铁片不易被腐蚀
D.d为锌块，铁片上电极反应为：2H+ + 2e → H2↑
15.一般情况下，前者无法决定后者的是( )
A.原子核外电子排布——元素在周期表中的位置
B.弱电解质的相对强弱——电离常数的大小
C.分子间作用力的大小——分子稳定性的高低
D.物质内部储存的能量——化学反应的热效应
16.短周期元素甲、乙、丙、丁的原子序数依次增大，甲和丁的原子核外均有两个未成对电子，乙、丙、丁最高价氧化物对应的水化物两两之间能相互反应。下列说法错误的是( )
A.元素丙的单质可用于冶炼金属 B.甲与丁形成的分子中由非极性分子
C.简单离子半径：丁 > 乙 > 丙 D.甲与乙形成的化合物均有氧化性
17.某无色溶液含有下列离子中的若干种：H+、NH4+、Fe3+、Ba2+、Al3+、CO32–、Cl–、OH–、NO3–。向该溶液中加入铝粉，只放出H2，则溶液中能大量存在的离子最多有( )
A.3种 B.4种 C.5种 D.6种
第十二篇
2017年全国卷1高考作文题目真题
2017年全国高考语文科目考试于6月7日举行。今年全国卷1高考语文作文题目如下：
第十三篇
高考真题2016年高考天津卷英语试题(含答案)
资料概述与简介
绝密★启用前
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英语 笔试
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至10页。第II卷11至12页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码，答卷时，考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利!
第I 卷
注意事项：
1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如果改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there_____ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. ---It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome?
---______. There were good things and bad things about them.
A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it
C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better
2. The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A. out of control B. out of date C. out of sight D. out of reach
3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _____ for years.
A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see
4. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making B. to make C. made D. being made
5. It was really annoying; I _____ get access to the data bank you had recommended.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
6. ---I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.
---Sounds great!_____.
A. It all depends B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder
7. ______ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While
8. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
A. gave voice to B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on
9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
10. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance
11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
12. I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
A. put B. make C. take D. give
13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
14. I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.
A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off
15. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ____.
A. were injured B. would be injured
C. had been injured D. would have been injured
第二节： 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选春最佳选项。
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 out local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The team practice, 20 was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go .
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten—year—old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 ---ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31 , “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”
It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she hade been 35 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).
16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness
17. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently
18. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact
19. A. increased B. found C. created D. made
20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead
21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste
22. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire
23. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free
24. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up
25. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. Start
26. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind
27. A. trusted B.determined C.experienced D. embarrassed
28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise
29. A. beginner B.learner C. partner D. winner
30. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after
31. A. admitting B.explaining C.announcing D. whispering
32. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom
33. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because
34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment
35. A. through B. under C. across D. around
第二部分： 阅读理解 (共20小题; 每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Language Programme for Teenagers
Welcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.
Our Courses
Regardless of your choice of course, you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.
Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking, listening, reading and writing.
Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).
Course Type Days Number of Lesson Course Timetable Standard Course Mon-Fri lessons Intensive Course Mon-Fri lessons 10lessons Evaluation
starting their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.
Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.
Arrivals and Transfer
Our programme offers the full package—students are take good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the student’s full details at least 4 weeks in advance.
Meals/Allergies(过敏)/Special Dietary Requirements
Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch(which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.
We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of allergies and/ or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.
36. How does Intensive Course differ from Standard Course?
A. It is less effective.
B. It focuses on speaking.
C. It includes extra lessons.
D. It give you confidence
37. When can a student attend Standard Course?
A. 13:00-14:30 Monday.
B. 9:00-12:30 Tuesday
C. 13:00-14:30 Friday.
D. 9:00-12:30 Saturday.
38. Before starting their programme, students are expected to _____.
A. take a language test
B. have an online interview
C. prepare learning materials
D. report their language levels
39. With the full package, the programme organizer is supposed to_____.
A. inform students of their full flight details
B. look after students throughout the programme
C. offer students free sightseeing trips
D. collect students’ luggage in advance
40. Which of the following may require an extra payment?
A. Cooked dinner.
B. Mealtime dessert.
C. Packed lunch.
D. Special diet.
B
Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son ,with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts(零件)from a junkyard, non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbours and co-workers trust their car repair to him.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
41. What used to be the author’s hope for his son?
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the author’s unachieved goals.
42. What can we learn about the author’s children?
A. His daughter does better in school.
B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.
C. His son tried hard to finish homework.
D. His son couldn’t write his book reports.
43. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_______.
A. His son had the ability to fix it.
B. it would save him much time.
C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss
D. other motorheads would come to help.
44. In the author’s eyes, motorheads are _______.
A. tidy and hardworking
B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright
D. relaxed but rude
45. What did the author realize in the end?
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
C
When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”
46. What do we know about John?
A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.
B. He had few childhood playmates.
C. He received little love from his family.
D. He was envied by others in his childhood.
47. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____.
A. a description of personal values and social values
B. an analysis of how work was related to competence
C. an example for parents’ expectations of their children
D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
48. Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _____.
A. recording the boys’ effort in school
B. evaluating the men’s mental health
C. comparing different sets of scores
D. measuring the men’s problem solving ability
49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Quick to react
B. Having a thin edge
C. Clear and definite
D. sudden and rapid
50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. competent adults know more about love than work.
B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D. Independence is the key to one’s success.
D
Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over.
When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after dat I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind provided correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
51. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .
A. delay tasks
B. work hard
C. seek help
D. accept failure
52. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?
A. Writing essays in strict order.
B. Building up physical strength.
C. Leaving out the toughest ideas.
D. Dealing with the hardest task first.
53. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?
A. Before starting a difficult task.
B. When all the solutions fail.
C. If the job is rather boring.
D. After finding a way out.
54. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us .
A. ignore mental problems
B. get some nice sleep
C. gain complete relief
D. find the right solution
55. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Success Is Built upon Failure
B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue
C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success
D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems
绝密★启用前
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英 语 笔 试
第II卷
注意事项：
1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2.本卷共6小题，共35分。
第三部分： 写作
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.
My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.
I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.
Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.
Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.
56. What made the author’s school days difficult? (No more than 5 words)
57. Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words)
58. What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words)
59. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words)
60. How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words)
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61.
假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面);
谈谈收获或感情;
表达祝愿语期望。
注意：
词数不少于100;
可适当加入细节，是内容充实、行文连贯;
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
How time flies!
Thank you.
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英语笔试参考答案
第I卷
第一、二部分(Key to1--55)
1--5ABCAB 6--10BCADD 11--15BCDAD 16--20DBCDA 21--25BACCB 26--30CBADA 31--35CBADA 36--40CBABD 41--45DACBA 46--50ADCCB 51--55ADBDC
第II卷
第三部分 第一节
Some possible answers:
56.(His) learning disability. Or: Having a learning disability.
Or: That he was learning disabled. Or: He had a learning disability.
57.He could be smart and express himself with clay.
Or： Art could help him express himself without words.
Or: He could well express himself with clay/art.
58.If you enjoy something and keep doing it, you will get better at it.
Or: The more you practice something, the better at it you will become. Or: Practice makes perfect. Or: Practice leads to success.
59.I could read and write.
60.We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard，we will find a way out. Or: The author’s story tells me that I should be confident and practice hard to overcome difficulties in my life.or:We should overcome our weakness and fears with courage and determination.
以上答案仅供参考
